The small intestine (SI) plays an essential role in host metabolism, immunity, and endocrine and neurological functions. The SI microbiota is composed primarily of facultative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. This is in contrast to the obligate anaerobes that predominate in the colon. The composition of the SI microbiota is also influenced by external factors. Two important factors are smoking and proton pump inhibitor therapy. SI bacteria can influence energy homeostasis and nutrient sensing, facilitate fatty acid nutrient sensing and glucose homeostasis, and can produce short-chain fatty acids. SI microbes are also involved in the bioavailability of certain prescription drugs and regulate bile acid pools in the small intestine. Authors in this study, provide an overview of the methods used to study the microbiota composition and dynamics along different sections of the small intestine and explore the role of the microbiota in facilitating the SI in its physiological functions and discuss how disruption of the microbial equilibrium can influence disease development.
Link to the article: https://tinyurl.com/2p9ek4vm
Published On: /05/2023
