๐ก This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the intricate relationships between gut microbiota, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology.
The findings highlight a marked association between the presence of ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ ๐ง๐ฐ๐ณ๐ฎ๐ช๐จ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ฆ๐ด and increased risks of both T2D and CAD. Additionally, the study reveals connections between CAD risk and ๐๐ฆ๐ต๐ฉ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ช๐ข, shedding light on the roles of TMAO and carnitine in CAD etiology, and identifies causal relationships between specific metabolites and T2D and CAD.
๐ Methods:
The study utilizes a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology, incorporating data from DIAGRAM, GERA, UKB, FHS, and mibioGen cohorts. Genetic variants linked to T2D, CAD, and gut microbiota are examined, and outcomes focus on causal relationships between specific gut microbiota characteristics, metabolites, and the incidence of T2D and CAD. Sensitivity analyses and MR methods such as IVW are employed.
Key Findings:
๐ Causal Links with ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ ๐ง๐ฐ๐ณ๐ฎ๐ช๐จ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ฆ๐ด: A ten-unit genetic predisposition towards T2D is associated with a 6.1% higher probability of increased ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข๐ค๐ฆ๐ข๐ฆ family presence. ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ abundance is related to an 8.2% heightened genetic likelihood of CAD. Evidence suggests a critical pathway by which T2D may increase CAD risk via alterations in gut microbiota.
๐ Connections with ๐๐ฆ๐ต๐ฉ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ช๐ข and Metabolites: CAD risk shows a connection with ๐๐ฆ๐ต๐ฉ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ช๐ข, implicating TMAO and carnitine in CAD etiology. Specific metabolites – proline, lysophosphatidylcholine, asparagine, and salicylurate – exhibit direct causal relationships with T2D and CAD.
๐ Gut Microbiota Types Associated with T2D and CAD: ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ข๐ค๐ฆ๐ข๐ฆ family abundance and genus ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ are causally associated with T2D and CAD. Shared SNP (rs4869133) suggests significance in CAD risk linked to ๐๐ถ๐ณ๐ช๐ค๐ช๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฅ ๐๐ญ๐ฐ๐ด๐ต๐ณ๐ช๐ฅ๐ช๐ถ๐ฎ ๐ช๐ฏ๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ค๐ถ๐ถ๐ฎ group.
๐ Impact of Gut Microbiota on Metabolites and Lipid Metabolism: Positive correlations between certain lipid metabolism markers and CAD risk highlight the connection between lipid metabolism and CAD.
๐ Sensitivity Assessments and Potential Bidirectional Effects: Sensitivity assessments reinforce the notion that changes in ๐๐น๐ข๐ญ๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ ๐ง๐ฐ๐ณ๐ฎ๐ช๐จ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ฆ๐ด pose a risk for DCAD.
๐ The findings provide potential targets for therapeutic interventions and underscore the bidirectional influences between DCAD and gut microbiota.
Link to the article: http://tinyurl.com/y2up7edk
