๐ก This study explores the immediate and potential long-term effects of rifamycin-based Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT) on the gut microbiota of individuals diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI).
๐ The study examines gut microbiota changes during TPT, the extent of recovery two months post-treatment, and the potential implications for TB control. Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by TPT with rifamycins is investigated as an essential factor in the context of the gut-lung axis, a key component of host immune defense against respiratory pathogens like ๐๐บ๐ค๐ฐ๐ฃ๐ข๐ค๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ช๐ถ๐ฎ ๐ต๐ถ๐ฃ๐ฆ๐ณ๐ค๐ถ๐ญ๐ฐ๐ด๐ช๐ด (Mtb).
๐ Key Findings:
๐Immediate Effect of Rifamycin-Based TPT: TPT with rifamycins led to a significant but individualized shift in gut microbiota composition.
Some participants experienced increased abundance of specific bacterial families (e.g.,๐๐ข๐ค๐ฉ๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ด๐ฑ๐ช๐ณ๐ข๐ค๐ฆ๐ข๐ฆ, ๐๐ถ๐ฎ๐ช๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ค๐ฐ๐ค๐ค๐ข๐ค๐ฆ๐ข๐ฆ, ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฅ ๐๐ข๐ณ๐ข๐ด๐ถ๐ต๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ฆ๐ญ๐ญ๐ข ), while others saw a decrease (e.g., Roseburia).
This shift was more pronounced in subjects receiving Rifapentine and Isoniazid (RPT and INH) weekly directly observed therapy (DOT) for three months compared to those receiving Rifampin (RIF) daily for four months.
In LTBI subjects treated by DOT, there was a notable increase in the relative abundance of the Tenericutes phylum, potentially pathogenic to humans.
๐Recovery of Gut Microbiota:
Preliminary evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by rifamycin-based TPT is partially reversible two months post-treatment.
The extent of recovery was diverse and influenced by factors such as diet, alcohol consumption, and specific rifamycin persistence in the stool.
๐Clinical and Public Health Implications: The study underscores the importance of understanding the impact of TPT on the gut microbiota, given the potential influence on the host’s ability to combat respiratory pathogens.
๐ This study provides valuable insights into the immediate and potential long-term effects of rifamycin-based TPT on the gut microbiota, emphasizing the need for comprehensive research to inform public health strategies aimed at eliminating TB in low-incidence settings. It also highlights the complex interplay between therapeutic interventions and the human microbiome.
Link to The Article : https://tinyurl.com/2p83xjbv
